杨柳枝词
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唐代]：白居易
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永丰西角荒园里，尽日无人属阿(ā)谁？
杨柳枝词译文及注释
译文
春风吹拂柳枝随风起舞，绽出嫩芽一片嫩黄比丝柔软。
永丰坊西角的荒园里，整日都没有人，这柳枝属于谁？
注释
⑴千万枝：一作“万万枝”。
⑵永丰：永丰坊，唐代东都洛阳坊名。
⑶阿（ā）谁：疑问代词。犹言谁，何人。
杨柳枝词创作背景
关于这首诗，当时河南尹卢贞有一首和诗，白居易于公元842年致仕后寓居洛阳，直至公元846年卒；卢贞公元844年七月为河南尹。白诗写成到传至京都，须一段时间，然后有诏旨下达洛阳，卢贞始作和诗。据此推知，白氏此诗约作于公元843-845年（会昌三年至五年）之间。
参考资料：
1、萧涤非 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典：上海辞书出版社，1403：914-915
杨柳枝词鉴赏
永丰西角荒园里，尽日无人属阿谁？
此诗前两句写柳的风姿可爱，后两句抒发感慨，是一首咏物言志的七绝。
诗中写的是春日的垂柳。最能表现垂柳特色的，是它的枝条，此诗亦即于此着笔。首句写枝条之盛，舞姿之美。“春风千万枝”，是说春风吹拂，千丝万缕的柳枝，随风起舞。一树而千万枝，可见柳之繁茂。次句极写柳枝之秀色夺目，柔嫩多姿。春风和煦，柳枝绽出细叶嫩芽，望去一片嫩黄；细长的柳枝，随风飘荡，比丝缕还要柔软。“金色”、“丝”，比譬形象，写尽早春新柳又嫩又软之娇态。此句上承春风，写的仍是风中情景，风中之柳，才更能显出枝条之软。句中叠用两个“于”字，接连比况，更加突出了“软”和“嫩”，而且使节奏轻快流动，与诗中欣喜赞美之情非常协调。这两句把垂柳之生机横溢，秀色照人，轻盈袅娜，写得极生动。《唐宋诗醇》称此诗“风致翩翩”，确是中肯之论。
这样美好的一株垂柳，照理应当受到人们的赞赏，为人珍爱；但诗人笔锋一转，写的却是它荒凉冷落的处境。诗于第三句才交代垂柳生长之地，有意给人以突兀之感，在诗意转折处加重特写，强调垂柳之不得其地。“西角”为背阳阴寒之地，“荒园”为无人所到之处，生长在这样的场所，垂柳再好，又有谁来一顾呢？只好终日寂寞了。反过来说，那些不如此柳的，因为生得其地，却备受称赞，为人爱惜。诗人对垂柳表达了深深的惋惜。这里的孤寂落寞，同前两句所写的动人风姿，正好形成鲜明的对比；而对比越是鲜明，越是突出了感叹的强烈。
这首咏物诗，抒发了对永丰柳的痛惜之情，实际上就是对当时政治腐败、人才埋没的感慨。白居易生活的时期，由于朋党斗争激烈，不少有才能的人都受到排挤。诗人自己，也为避朋党倾轧，自请外放，长期远离京城。此诗所写，亦当含有诗人自己的身世感慨在内。
此诗将咏物和寓意熔在一起，不着一丝痕迹。全诗明白晓畅，有如民歌，加以描写生动传神，当时就“遍流京都”。后来苏轼写《洞仙歌》词咏柳，有“永丰坊那畔，尽日无人，谁见金丝弄晴昼”之句，隐括此诗，读来仍然令人有无限低回之感，足见其艺术力量感人至深了。
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上一首：
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李白《
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横江词六首》
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下一首：
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李白《
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乌栖曲》
白居易简介
唐代·白居易的简介
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白居易（772年－846年），字乐天，号香山居士，又号醉吟先生，祖籍太原，到其曾祖父时迁居下邽，生于河南新郑。是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，唐代三大诗人之一。白居易与元稹共同倡导新乐府运动，世称“元白”，与刘禹锡并称“刘白”。白居易的诗歌题材广泛，形式多样，语言平易通俗，有“诗魔”和“诗王”之称。官至翰林学士、左赞善大夫。公元846年，白居易在洛阳逝世，葬于香山。有《白氏长庆集》传世，代表诗作有《长恨歌》、《卖炭翁》、《琵琶行》等。
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