蝶恋花·河中作
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宋代]：赵鼎
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尽日东风吹绿树。向晚轻寒，数点催花雨。年少凄凉天付与，更堪春思萦离绪。
临水高楼携酒处。曾倚哀弦，歌断黄金缕。楼下水流何处去，凭栏目送苍烟暮。
蝶恋花·河中作译文及注释
译文
整日吹拂的东风吹醒了沉睡的大地，树上绿意渐染。傍晚泛着轻微的寒气，一场初春的细雨洒落下来，催促着春花早日开放。年少的他容易心生悲凉，何况这暮春之日，更添离愁别绪。
在临水的高楼之上，与这位女子饮酒作别。他以丝竹伴唱，一曲赋别。楼下的流水将会流到哪里去呢？他在高楼上凭栏远望，目送着流水和人远去，直到掩入那苍茫的烟波暮色之中。
注释
蝶恋花：词牌名，原是唐教坊曲，又名“黄金缕”“卷珠帘”“凤栖梧”“等。双调六十字，前后段各五句四仄韵，另有变体二种。
河中：河中府，治所在今山西永济。
尽日：终日。
向晚：傍晚。
倚哀弦（xián）：指以哀伤的弦声伴唱。
黄金缕（lǚ）：原指初生的鹅黄色柳条，词中指离别之曲，乐府有《杨柳枝》曲。
参考资料：
1、竺金藏，马东遥选注．分调绝妙好词 蝶恋花：东方出版社，2001.01 第1版 ：第63页
2、《经典读库》编委会编著．宋词名家名篇鉴赏：江苏美术出版社，2013.11 ：第159页
蝶恋花·河中作创作背景
这首词自注“河中作”，词中又自称“年少”，因此这首词当作于宋徽宗崇宁五年（1106年）词人中进士前后。词人旧地重游，怀念往日离别之女子，便写下这首词。
参考资料：
1、乔林晓著．北宋经学家孙复 南宋抗金宰相赵鼎：三晋出版社，2012.08 ：第40页
蝶恋花·河中作鉴赏
词的上片由景及情，写词人的离愁别绪。开头三句“尽日东风吹绿树。向晚轻寒，数点催花雨。”点明时令，又以春尽花落、孤独寂寞的时空环境暗寓“重来崔护”之感。““催花雨”在宋词中多有出现，意为春雨一过，春花自会早日开放，富含着浓厚的自然哲理。“年少凄凉”四字蕴含无限伤感。“年少”本是青春和欢乐的时节，但词人却感到凄凉，完全是为“春思”和“离绪”所困，而主因则在于词人多情。但把“年少凄凉”说成是“天付与”，则又有自我解嘲的味道，意思是情之所钟，无可解脱。这“年少凄凉”的况味，不能不甘心忍受了。
词的下片写思人。“临水高楼携酒处。曾倚哀弦，歌断黄金缕。”三句，紧接上片的“离绪”而转向怀人。这三句是追叙往事，在“临水高楼”这昔游之地回忆当年送别时的情景。黄金缕用来形容初春鹅黄色的柳条，古人有折杨柳赠别的风俗“歌断黄金缕”，在这里也有作为离别之曲的含意，与上句“哀弦”相应。“楼下水流何处去”一句引用唐杜牧《题安州浮云寺寄湖州张郎中》：“当时楼下水，今日到何处。”两句。这首词从“临水高楼”的眼前实景出发，借杜牧诗意以“水流”比喻“人去”，写得自然熨贴，不露针线，密合无缝。“相随流水到天涯”，寓含飘泊流落的命运，以及一去不返、此恨绵绵的情意。这样情意在这首词中也都包含在“楼下水流何处去”这个深表关切的问侯之中了。结句凭栏目送苍烟暮”，其意为凭高极目，远望水流人去的天际，寄托遥思，不觉暮烟四合。感伤离别之情，就寓于久久痴望中。有着悠悠不尽的余味。
这首词怀念往昔一位曾于临水高楼一曲赋别的女子。上片记时，下片记地，风物依然，而她已不在，通篇贯串着伤离念远之情。词人以春尽花落、孤独寂寞的时空环境来暗寓心中之伤感情绪，意绪虽悲凉，然饱含真挚情意。
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温庭筠《
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春愁曲》
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张可久《
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一半儿·落花》
赵鼎简介
唐代·赵鼎的简介
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赵鼎(1085-1147)， 南宋政治家、词人。字元镇，自号得全居士。南宋解州闻喜（今属山西）人。宋高宗时的宰相。有《忠正德文集》10卷，清道光刊本。《四印斋所刻词》有《得全居士词》一卷，存词45首。
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