好事近·春雨细如尘
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宋代]：朱敦儒
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春雨细如尘，楼外柳丝黄湿。风约绣帘斜去，透窗纱寒碧。
美人慵翦上元灯，弹泪倚瑶瑟。却上紫姑香火，问辽东消息。
好事近·春雨细如尘鉴赏
起首两句写楼外。春雨绵绵密密，像尘雾一般，灰蒙蒙的，刚刚泛出鹅黄色的柳梢给雨打湿，水淋淋的。说春雨“细如尘”，新鲜而熨贴。春雨是细屑的，轻倩的，迷离漫漶，润物无声，似乎非“如尘”二字无以尽其态。用它来映衬怀人的愁思，便显得十分工致。“湿”承“雨”来。“黄”字体物入微，切合物候，又应“春”意，让人联想到稚柳这迷蒙细雨的薰沐下所焕发的生机。接下来，“风约”逗引出后两句，视点拉回室内。上片状景，由远而近，由外而内，笔笔勾联，丝丝入扣；这几句看似景语，实乃情语，打下了闺人的主观色彩。“如尘”的雨，多少给人以凄迷低黯之感；柳色又新，牵惹着对远人的缕缕情思；阵阵轻寒，更使那碧色的窗纱涂上感伤的色调，寒气直浸入心底其中“寒碧”是以景写情的重笔，女子心中的感受由此得到深刻的展示。作者借拟女主人的眼光，写出了一个寂冷的环境。
过片直接突出了居于画面中心的女主人公——“美人慵剪上元灯，弹泪倚瑶瑟”。上元即农历正月十五日元宵节，宋代是个盛大的节日，民间有吃圆子（汤圆，取阖家团圆之意）、观彩灯、祭紫姑等习俗。点明上元之时，背景就变得更其具体而典型，把人物感情衬托得愈加强烈。周密《武林旧事》卷二“灯品”：“又有深闺巧姓，剪纸而成，尤为精妙。”陆游《十二月一日》诗：“儿书春日榜，女剪上元灯。”说明宋时剪纸做灯，乃闺人巧技，而且有早些日子就开始制作以备上元灯节玩赏的。可见这一句“美人慵剪上元灯”，不是一般的身心慵懒，而是由于情绪恶劣之极。“弹泪倚瑶瑟”句加重悲情之分量，写她欲鼓瑟以舒怨怀亦不可能，好只倚瑟弹泪了。
结束两句：“却卜紫姑香火，问辽东消息。”前一句承接上文，转进一层，与美人问卜的事。紫姑，相传为唐武则天时寿阳刺史李景之妾，为大妇所嫉，正月十五日夜被害死于厕间，上帝悯之，命为厕神。旧时民间每于元宵夜图画其形以祭，并扶乩卜问祸福。
无心剪灯，有意问卜，写出少妇关注之所。就这样，结句全词层层推进之后，以轻淡之笔出之。辽东，古郡名，故址今辽宁省东南部，多用来借指遥远的边地，以代亲人之所。至词的主旨已经明确、完整地表达出来，而字面上终归没有道破。淡语入情，含蓄不尽。这一结语使全词意境浑成，主旨突出，堪称巧妙。
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王磐《
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古蟾宫·元宵》
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吴文英《
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烛影摇红·元夕雨》
朱敦儒简介
唐代·朱敦儒的简介
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朱敦儒 （1081－1159），字希真，洛阳人。历兵部郎中、临安府通判、秘书郎、都官员外郎、两浙东路提点刑狱，致仕，居嘉禾。绍兴二十九年（1159）卒。有词三卷，名《樵歌》。朱敦儒获得“词俊”之名，与“诗俊”陈与义等并称为“洛中八俊” （楼钥《跋朱岩壑鹤赋及送闾丘使君诗》）
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