登咸阳县楼望雨
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唐代]：韦庄
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乱云如兽出山前，细雨和风满渭川。
登咸阳县楼望雨译文及注释
译文
乱云就像猛兽奔涌出山前，
细雨和风洒遍了渭河河川。
终日阴雨濛濛什么也不见，
几行归去的雁就好像字联。
注释
⑴乱云如兽：空中的积云，下雨前变幻无穷，有的像奇异的怪兽。
⑵渭川：渭河，是黄河的支流，它发源于甘肃省，流入陕西省，经过咸阳城外后会径水，在陕西、河南交界处入黄河。
⑶尽日：整日，整天。空濛：迷檬，迷茫，这里指雨丝不断，远眺景物迷茫。
⑷雁行：指雁群。行，列，排。字联联：指雁群一会变“人”字形飞行，一会变“一”字飞行。
参考资料：
1、吉林大学中文系．唐诗鉴赏大典（十二）：吉林大学出版社，2009：182-184
2、尚作恩 等．晚唐诗译释：黑龙江人民出版社，1987：274-276
登咸阳县楼望雨鉴赏
这是一首描写雨天景象的小诗。这首诗诗设喻新巧、描写别致，一联想丰富。全诗四句，全是眼望所见的景物，因此，“眼望”便是全诗的线索。空前的云涌是指眼望见，雨洒渭川是远望所见；天边归雁是极目远眺所见。这些使诗人有所思，有所感，诗人触景生情，借周围的景物扦发自己久居他乡的愁苦，同时也流露出诗人对现实衰微的慨叹。
晚唐社会，由于统治阶级的腐朽，军阀的连年混战，国势衰微，日趋末落，经济崩溃，民生涂炭。笼革朝野上下的是一种无可奈何的气氛。再加上诗人一生颇不得志，为了求官，辗转他乡，一直到六十岁才中进士。他在流离奔走中，亲眼看到社会的凋弊，了解了人民的苦难。这些自然在他的心目中留下无限的悲楚的记忆，思绪中凝聚着不可排遣的忧虑。这悲楚，这忧虑自然会遣于笔端，写进诗中。这首诗，虽句句写诗，然而从诗人对景象的描写中处处能见到诗人所思，诗人所虑。
诗的第一句“乱云如兽出山前”，写的是雨前。诗人用一“乱”字，用“如兽”的比喻来描绘乌云的变化和狂奔的速度，形象而通真。第二句是写雨。雨虽不大，是“细雨”，然而是“和风”而来，因此弥漫了整个渭水两岸。诗人用一个“满”字具体写出了渭水两岸细雨迷蒙的景象。紧接着，第三句用了“尽日”二字写下雨时问之长，用“空漂无所见”写雨景迷茫，写诗人内心的空荡。这个“无所见”，是指没有一样具有生气的景物，没有一样令人欢心的事。一切全是灰濛濛的，灰濛濛的天，灰濛濛的地。此时此景，诗人自己的心境便可想而知了。而最后“雁行斜去字联联”一句则更能反衬出诗人感情的凄苦，烘托出周围气氛的凄凉。在单调的灰濛濛的天空，来了一行归雁，又传来声声的雁鸣，这是一幅凄凉的景象。这样，这首小诗就不只是一首写景诗了，诗中蕴藏着丰富的情感。由此可见，诗人借景抒情，设喻描绘的技巧是高明的。
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李嘉祐《
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寄王舍人竹楼》
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陈著《
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韦庄简介
唐代·韦庄的简介
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韦庄（约836年─910年），字端己，杜陵（今中国陕西省西安市附近）人，诗人韦应物的四代孙，唐朝花间派词人，词风清丽，有《浣花词》流传。曾任前蜀宰相，谥文靖。
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