一丛花·咏并蒂莲
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清代]:纳兰性德
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阑珊玉佩罢霓裳,相对绾红妆。藕丝风送凌波去,又低头、软语商量。一种情深,十分心苦,脉脉背斜阳。
色香空尽转生香,明月小银塘。桃根桃叶终相守,伴殷勤、双宿鸳鸯。菰米漂残,沈云乍黑,同梦寄潇湘。
一丛花·咏并蒂莲译文及注释
译文
那并蒂莲好像歪斜带着玉佩的美女刚刚跳完霓裳羽衣舞,相对而视,各自梳妆。一阵微风吹过,它们又低下头来,好像在柔声地商量着什么。它们有一样的忧伤和思念,舍情脉脉,背对着夕阳。
花朵娇艳的色泽褪去,但香味却更加浓郁。在银色月光的照耀下,池塘里的并蒂莲如同桃根、桃叶姐妹一样相依相守,陪伴着双宿双栖的鸳鸯。残余的菰米漂在水中,低沉的乌云渐浓,它们把同样的情寄托在一个人身上。
注释
一丛花:词牌名,双调,七十八字,前后段各七句,四平韵。
并蒂莲:并排长在同一茎上的两朵莲花,莲花常见而并蒂莲罕见,人们常常用并蒂莲比喻相亲相爱之人,也常将并蹄莲用来祝福,形容天长地久。
阑珊:零乱、歪斜之意。李贺《李夫人歌》:“红璧阑珊悬佩挡,歌台小妓遥相望”。霓裳(ní cháng):指唐代的霓裳羽衣舞。
绾(wǎn)红妆:谓两朵莲花盘绕连结在一起。
凌波:本指女子步履轻盈,若行水面,后代指美女,这里借指并蒂莲。
软语:柔和而委婉的话语。
桃根桃叶:晋王献之爱妾姐妹二人。
菰(gū)米:一名“雕胡米”。
沈(chén)云:即“沉云”,浓云、阴云。
潇湘(xiāo xiāng):指湘江。相传舜之二妃娥皇、女英随之南巡不返,死于湘水。这里借二妃代指并蒂莲。
参考资料:
1、(清)纳兰性德著.孙红颖解译,纳兰词全鉴:中国纺织出版社,2016.02:第180页
2、纳兰性德.徐燕婷,朱惠国著,纳兰词评注:生活·读书·新知三联书店,2014.01:第274页
一丛花·咏并蒂莲创作背景
词为酬唱之作,当作于康熙十八年(1679年)秋,时顾贞观南下返京后不久,同时酬唱者还有严绳孙等。
参考资料:
1、闵泽平编著.纳兰词全集 汇编汇评汇校:崇文书局,2012.03:第107页
一丛花·咏并蒂莲鉴赏
上片描绘物形。谓茎杆一枝,花开两朵,花盘连结在一起。好像是舞罢霓裳、玉佩阑珊的仙子。这时候,正面对着面,梳理红妆。荷花香里,藕丝飘风。仿佛处身干水晶宫殿。微风过处,花枝有如仙子,步履轻盈,踏水而来。间或低下头,则喃喃细语,好像正商量些什么。一种情深,十分心苦。荷花的根长在水底,藕丝漫长;花里的莲心却将所有的苦深深蕴藏,脉脉不语,背向着斜阳。
下片揭示物理。谓蓬生并蒂,尽管也将叶残、香销,但她的姿态却永远令人难忘。明月东升,小荷塘披上银装。阵阵清香,仍旧在月色中弥漫。并蒂莲花,既是桃根、桃叶,姊妹双双,又像是桃树的根和叶,连在一起,终生相守。而月色之下,殷勤相伴的,还有双宿鸳鸯。这时候,夜已深,阴云忽然聚拢,月儿如同残留水中的菰米一般,时隐时现。多么希望能够像娥皇、女英,追随舜帝,寄梦潇湘。
歌词咏物。物形和物理,其相互间的关联,借重于一个“并”字,并蒂莲的“并”。《说文》称:并,从二立。金文字形,为二人并立之状。本义为并行,并列。并蒂莲,并排地长在同一茎上的两朵莲花。掌握好这一个“并”字,物形和物理,乃至物与我也就融合在一起。解读此词,不能忽略这一关键字眼。
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夹竹桃花·咏题》
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满庭芳·促织儿》
纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德(1655-1685),满洲人,字容若,号楞伽山人,清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉,在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期,其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王,却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景,加之个人的超逸才华,使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见,何事秋风悲画扇?等闲变却故人心,却道故人心易变。”富于意境,是其众多代表作之一。
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