送别
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唐代]：王维
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春草明年绿，王孙归不归？(明年一作：年年)
送别译文及注释
译文
在深山中送走了好友，夕阳落下把柴门半掩。
春草到明年催生新绿，朋友啊你能不能回还？
注释
⑴掩：关闭。柴扉：柴门。
⑵明年：一作“年年”。
⑶王孙：贵族的子孙，这里指送别的友人。
送别鉴赏
这首《山中送别》诗，不写离亭饯别的情景，而是匠心别运，选取了与一般送别诗全然不同的下笔着墨之点。
诗的首句“山中相送罢”，在一开头就告诉读者相送已罢，把送行时的话别场面、惜别情怀，用一个看似毫无感情色彩的“罢”字一笔带过。这里，从相送到送罢，跳越了一段时间。而次句从白昼送走行人一下子写到“日暮掩柴扉”，则又跳越了一段更长的时间。诗人在把生活接入诗篇时，剪去了在这段时间内送行者的所感所想，都当作暗场处理了。
对离别有体验的人都知道，行人将去的片刻固然令人黯然魂消，但一种寂寞之感、怅惘之情往往在别后当天的日暮时会变得更浓重、更稠密。在这离愁别恨最难排遣的时刻，要写的东西也定必是千头万绪的；可是，诗只写了一个“掩柴扉”的举动。这是山居的人每天到日暮时都要做的极其平常的事情，看似与白昼送别并无关连。而诗人却把这本来互不关连的两件事连在了一起，使这本来天天重复的行动显示出与往日不同的意味，从而寓别情于行间，见离愁于字里。读者自会从其中看到诗中人的寂寞神态、怅惘心情；同时也会想：继日暮而来的是黑夜，在柴门关闭后又将何以打发这漫漫长夜呢？这句外留下的空白，更是使人低回想象于无穷的。
诗的三、四两句“春草明年绿，王孙归不归”，从《楚辞·招隐士》“王孙游兮不归，春草生兮萋萋”句化来。但赋是因游子久去而叹其不归，这两句诗则在与行人分手的当天就惟恐其久去不归。唐汝询在《唐诗解》中概括这首诗的内容为：“扉掩于暮，居人之离思方深；草绿有时，行人之归期难必。”而“归期难必”，正是“离思方深”的一个原因。“归不归”，作为一句问话，照说应当在相别之际向行人提出，这里却让它在行人已去、日暮掩扉之时才浮上居人的心头，成了一个并没有问出口的悬念。这样，所写的就不是一句送别时照例要讲的话，而是“相送罢”后内心深情的流露，说明诗中人一直到日暮还为离思所笼罩，虽然刚刚分手，已盼其早日归来，又怕其久不归来了。前面说，从相送到送罢，从“相送罢”到“掩柴扉”，中间跳越了两段时间；这里，在送别当天的日暮时就想到来年的春草绿，而问那时归不归，这又是从当前跳到未来，跳越的时间就更长了。
这首送别诗，不写离亭饯别的依依不舍，却更进一层写冀望别后重聚。这是超出一般送别诗的所在。开头隐去送别情景，以“送罢”落笔，继而写别后回家寂寞之情更浓更稠，为望其再来的题意作了铺垫，于是想到春草再绿自有定期，离人回归却难一定。惜别之情，自在话外。意中有意，味外有味，真是匠心别运，高人一筹。
王维善于从生活中拾取看似平凡的素材，运用朴素、自然的语言，来显示深厚、真挚的感情，令人神远。这首《山中送别》诗就是这样的。
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上一首：
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高适《
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送李少府贬峡中王少府贬长沙》
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下一首：
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王维《
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送綦毋潜落第还乡》
王维简介
唐代·王维的简介
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王维（701年－761年，一说699年—761年），字摩诘，汉族，河东蒲州（今山西运城）人，祖籍山西祁县，唐朝诗人，有“诗佛”之称。苏轼评价其：“味摩诘之诗，诗中有画；观摩诘之画，画中有诗。”开元九年（721年）中进士，任太乐丞。王维是盛唐诗人的代表，今存诗400余首，重要诗作有《相思》《山居秋暝》等。王维精通佛学，受禅宗影响很大。佛教有一部《维摩诘经》，是王维名和字的由来。王维诗书画都很有名，非常多才多艺，音乐也很精通。与孟浩然合称“王孟”。
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