南乡子·风雨满苹洲
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宋代]：陈亮
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风雨满苹洲。绣阁银屏一夜秋。当日袜尘何处去，溪楼。怎对烟波不泪流。
天际目归舟。浪卷涛翻一叶浮。也似我侬魂不定，悠悠。宋玉方悲庾信愁。
南乡子·风雨满苹洲鉴赏
此词在时下流行的不少宋词读本中皆未得一立足之地，足见人们对它的冷淡。大约人们还是喜爱陈亮“二十五弦多少恨，算世间哪有平分月”，“正好长驱，不须反顾，寻取中流誓”一类的慷慨激昂之词，及读这首《南乡子》，不免觉得气软无力，以为失了所谓“龙川本色”。其实不是这样。
初读之下，《南乡子》是一首怀人之小令。打头两句既点明了时令，又写出了主人公的孤独。“当日袜尘何处去”，古人习用“凌步微波，罗袜生尘”来形容体态、脚步的轻盈，由此可以想象得出相思之人与所思之人曾有过花前月下、并肩芳径的美好时光。然而徒留下温馨的回忆而已，眼前人却空居绣阁银屏之中，独以风声雨声为伴，面对千里烟波，不禁潸然泪下。
过片紧承上片的“烟波”，用“浪卷涛翻”中的悠悠一叶扁舟来形容自己的心魂不定，信手拈来，寓情其中，十分贴切。怀人之苦，至此极矣，词人却又突然落下一句：“宋玉方悲庾信愁！”宋玉曾作《九辩》，其中最著名的句子是：“悲哉秋之为气也，萧瑟兮草木零落而变衰。”自此之后，“悲秋”成为文人笔下不断重复的主题。庾信是北朝诗人，其著名的作品有《拟咏怀》二十七首和《哀江南赋》等，其中也有“摇落秋为气，凄凉多怨情”之句。从表面看来，“宋玉方悲庾信愁”只是照应了上片的“绣阁银屏一夜秋”，仍是以环境的萧瑟衬托主人公心中的凄苦而已。但分析作品有时不可不“知人论世”，结合作者当时的政治形势及其生平志业和创作倾向来考察，词人这里用宋玉、庾信之典是有深意在的。宋玉《九辩》所抒发的主要是自己落拓不偶的悲愁和不平，以及对妒害贤良的奸谗小人的憎恶。“岂不郁陶而思君兮？君之门以九重。”这就是宋玉之悲。而庾信之愁在“乡关之思”，则是不待言的。更值得注意的是，庾信《拟咏怀》第十一首以“摇落秋为气”打头，结局为：“眼前一杯酒，谁论身后名。”感慨自己故国（南朝梁）君臣只顾眼前享乐而无后虑之忧。由此看来，陈亮以宋玉、庾信来形容自己的悲愁，绝不仅仅是悲秋怀人，而是怀念着被金人占领的北国大地，渴望朝廷扫除奸邪，改变苟安的现状，早图恢复。这样，“浪卷涛翻”云云，也就可以形容词人那一颗忧国忧民的爱国之心的跳动了。
作家有时候确实是落笔不由初衷的。即使陈亮写《南乡子》之初是想表达怀人之情，那也并不影响他平日所最关心的事情、所念念不忘的思想感情在写作过程中突然爆发出来。
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舒亶《
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虞美人·寄公度》
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赵佶《
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醉落魄·预赏景龙门追悼明节皇后》
陈亮简介
唐代·陈亮的简介
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陈亮（1143—1194）原名汝能，后改名陈亮，字同甫，号龙川，婺州永康（今属浙江）人。婺州以解头荐，因上《中兴五论》，奏入不报。孝宗淳熙五年，诣阙上书论国事。后曾两次被诬入狱。绍熙四年光宗策进士第一，状元。授签书建康府判官公事，未行而卒，谥号文毅。所作政论气势纵横，词作豪放，有《龙川文集》《龙川词》，宋史有传。
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