拨不断·叹寒儒
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元代]：马致远
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叹寒儒，谩读书，读书须索题桥柱。题柱虽乘驷马车，乘车谁买《长门赋》？且看了长安回去！
拨不断·叹寒儒译文及注释
译文
可叹那贫寒的读书人，白白地读了那么多的书，读书必须要题字在桥柱。即便题柱后乘坐上了驷马车，可乘了车又有谁能像陈皇后那样重金求买《长门赋》？先到长安看看，就回乡去吧！
注释
寒儒：贫穷的读书人。
谩：徒然，枉自。
须索：应该，必须。
题桥柱：司马相如未发迹时，从成都云长安，出城北十里，在升仙桥桥柱上题云：“不乘驷马高车，不过此桥。”
《长门赋》：陈皇后失宠于汉武帝，退居长门宫，闻司马相如善作赋，以黄金百斤请其作《长门赋》，以悟主上。武帝看后心动，陈皇后复得宠。
参考资料：
1、蒋星煜 等．元曲鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1990年：1245
拨不断·叹寒儒创作背景
作者生活的时代缺乏赏识人才的君王，而作者的追求和理想主要地于能施展自己的才华，而这个理想是不可能实现的。因此作者作此由慨叹读书无用、求取功名的艰难，决定归隐是最好的归宿。
参考资料：
1、蒋星煜 等．元曲鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1990年：1245
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辛弃疾《
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杏花天·病来自是于春懒》
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赵善庆《
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山坡羊·燕子》
马致远简介
唐代·马致远的简介
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马致远（1250年-1321年），字千里，号东篱（一说字致远，晚号“东篱”），汉族，大都（今北京）人，另一说（马致远是河北省东光县马祠堂村人，号东篱，以示效陶渊明之志）。他的年辈晚于关汉卿、白朴等人，生年当在至元（始于1264）之前，卒年当在至治改元到泰定元年（1321—1324）之间，与关汉卿、郑光祖、白朴并称“元曲四大家”，是我国元代时著名大戏剧家、散曲家。
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