弹歌
[
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 93
两汉]：佚名
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 116
断竹，续竹；
飞土，逐宍。
弹歌译文及注释
译文
去砍伐野竹，连接起来制成弓；
打出泥弹，追捕猎物。
注释
弹歌（dàngē）：古歌谣名。汉·赵晔《吴越春秋·勾践阴谋外传》载，范蠡进善射者稀，勾践询以弓弹之理，陈音于应对中引古歌曰：“断竹，续竹，飞土，逐宍。”《古诗源》卷一有《弹歌》一首，曰：“断竹，续竹，飞土，逐宍。”《文心雕龙·章句》作“《竹弹》之谣”。
宍（ròu 肉）：“肉”的古字。
弹歌鉴赏
此篇和《伊耆氏蜡辞》都是上古歌谣。所谓的上古歌谣，指产生于原始社会和奴隶社会早期的民间歌谣，是《诗经》以前人民的口头创作。由于年代久远，原始社会的口头创作流传到后世并被记录下来的寥寥无几。现在能见到的上古歌谣，多数是进入奴隶社会以后的产物。见于《周易》的较多，在《尚书》、《礼记》等古代典籍中也偶有记载。上古时期，生产力落后，还没有体力劳动与脑力劳动的分工，因而还不可能出现后世所谓的“纯文学”。
上古歌谣在思想内容上的最大特色是与现实生活的紧密联系。在艺术形式上，作为古老的民间口头创作，一般都具有字句简短、语言质朴和节奏明快的特点。通过对《弹歌》等的赏析，读者可以更为具体地加深对上古歌谣的认识和了解。
《弹歌》选自《吴越春秋》。《吴越春秋》记载，春秋时期，越国的国君勾践向楚国的射箭能手陈音询问弓弹的道理，陈音在回答时引用了这首《弹歌》。《吴越春秋》为东汉赵晔所著，成书较晚。但从《弹歌》的语言和内容加以推测，这首短歌很可能是从原始社会口头流传下来而经后人写定的。这是一首反映原始社会狩猎生活的二言诗，句短调促，节奏明快，读来很有情趣。
全诗才八个字，却写出了从制作工具到进行狩猎的全过程。
制作工具共分两步。先是“断竹”，即砍伐竹子。由这两个字指引，读者仿佛见到一群围裹着树叶、兽皮的原始先民在茂密的原始竹林旁正手拿骨刀、石斧在砍伐根根竹子。“续竹”是制作过程的第二步。歌中没有交代“断竹”后怎样削枝、去叶、破竹成片，从画面的组接上来讲，从“断竹”到“续竹”，中间已有所省略、承转。所谓“续竹”，是指用野藤之类韧性植物连接竹片两端，制成弹弓。至此，狩猎工具已经制成。以下便接写打猎。
打猎也分两步。先是“飞土”，把泥弹装到弓上打出去。至于泥弹的制作过程，诗中也未作交代，但从“续竹”到“飞土”，可以想见还有一个制作泥弹的环节。“飞土”的目标，或是飞禽，或是走兽，一旦打中，便向猎获物奔去。“逐宍”便是指追捕受伤的鸟兽。“宍”，为古“肉”字，指代飞禽走兽。
根据社会发展史和古人类学的研究，人类学会制作弓箭之类狩猎工具，已是原始社会的新石器时代。那时的人类究竟怎样进行生产劳动和生活的，只能向残存的原始洞岩壁画和上古歌谣以及考古发现中去探寻。在这一点上，这首古老的《弹歌》起到了活化石的作用。因为有了它，后人才得以窥见洪荒时代先民们生产与生活的部分生动图景。
从艺术表现的角度来看，此歌虽仅简短的八个字，却包容了从制作工具到获取猎物的全过程，容量很大，对狩猎的艺术表现也比较成功。当然这种简短是早期书面语言表达尚处于雏形的反映。然而审美具有历史性，以今人的艺术鉴赏眼光来看，可以发现作者不自觉地运用了省略、多用和巧用动词的表现手法。不仅每一句的主语“我们”都省略，更主要的是场景之中以及场景之间的次要过程也省略了。每句以一个动词带出，使画面富于动感，且容易唤起人们对“断”、“续”、“飞”、“逐”动作前后过程的联想。此诗的语言两个字一顿，节奏明快，凝重有力。韵字“竹”、“竹”、“宍”，以入声“-K”收韵，更增加了诗句的凝重感，令人联想起先民们在极端低下的生产力条件和严酷的自然条件下，颇不轻松的劳动场面。
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 169
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
上一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
吴文英《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
风入松·为友人放琴客赋》
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 193
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
下一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
白居易《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
惜牡丹花二首》
佚名简介
唐代·佚名的简介
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 222
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 228
猜你喜欢
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
送何乔仲赴阙四首 其一
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
黎民表
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
招摇有桂树，结根南海湄。蒙茏度霜霰，皎洁常不移。
以兹孤直性，贡之白玉墀。春风被兰茝，荣耀同一时。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
自容趋藤山路古松皆合抱百馀尺枝叶扶疏行人庇赖为取松明者所刳剔因而摧倾十已六七良可惜也
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
李纲
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
松林缭峻岭，百尺森葱青。不知何年种，天矫乱龙形。
浓阴翳修途，当暑有馀清。长风一披拂，时作波涛声。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
送程三水天翼内擢
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
清代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
陈恭尹
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
操存不改旧书生，几载官衙饭菜羹。小郭自临三水上，十州同识独清名。
俸钱每用填民歉，坐舫时因送客行。我从能言言不尽，口碑先已到神京。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
掬水月在手
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
朱淑真
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
无事江头弄碧波，分明掌上见嫦娥。不知李谪仙人在，曾向江头捉得么。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
浣溪纱 其一 寿鹤亭六十
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
胡汉民
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
南面书城傲百王。保民耆寿在文章。飞来仙蝶又称觞。
闲向名山寻鲍葛，笑夸年少唤潘张。年年松鹤好商量。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
唐州太守
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
李师中
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/chainouu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
时属艰危应有系，天於名教岂无心。
大都狂贼终须灭，未杀忠臣祸不深。