代答闺梦还
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唐代]：张若虚
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关塞年华早，楼台别望违。
试衫著暖气，开镜觅春晖。
燕入窥罗幕，蜂来上画衣。
情催桃李艳，心寄管弦飞。
妆洗朝相待，风花暝不归。
梦魂何处入，寂寂掩重扉。
代答闺梦还鉴赏
这首诗是初唐诗人张若虚的作品，全诗艳丽工整，欲出宫体之篱，似启温李之风，张若虚的诗风上承齐梁，下开盛唐，在诗歌的历史中起到了承上启下的作用。大家往往认为，是初唐四杰为盛唐诗歌的兴盛局面打下了良好的开端。实际上，张若虚也是功不可没的一员。这首拟闺怨诗就是最好的证明。
诗人首句点题，为戍守关塞，年轻的丈夫与妻子离别了。场景是凄清动人的，但作者仅仅是一笔带过，给读者以无穷的想象空间。他仅仅描绘了送别的尾声：妻子伫立于楼台之上，遥望着三步一回头的丈夫，直到他的身影消失在遥远的地平线。这是送别的结束，却是全诗的开始。
离别之后，这位女主人公就陷入了漫长的苦思中，但也要强打精神来梳妆打扮。穿上了新衫，才感觉到了春天的温暖。简单的梳妆后，她把目光投向了窗外。窗外生机盎然、花红柳绿。偶有燕子飞过，透过罗幕看看她。不知何时，有几只蜜蜂也打起了她那件“画衣”的主意。诗人在此著一生花妙笔，画衣上绣的花竟然能把蜜蜂引来，可见其逼真生动，又可见思妇对这画衣是如何的用心。这句将她百无聊赖却又想借此给心上人带来惊喜的心情彰显无疑。
春季正是山花烂漫的季节，桃红李白，而女主人公的心绪却纷乱如麻。忽然从遥远的方向，传来了悠扬的乐声，大约是《折柳》吧！于是她让自己沉醉在其中，让自己的心飞向遥远的边塞，飞到丈夫的身边。
上面四句借对外物描写，来烘托女主人公的心境。而下面笔锋一转，又转到了女主人公本人。她幻想着丈夫会在未来的某一天回来，于是盛装打扮，等待着遥远的离人。而春去秋来，花开花落，该回来的人却还没有回来。夜渐渐深了，她进入了梦乡。但她却陷入了“惟梦闲人不梦君”的新的苦恼中。最后她醒了，重重的长叹一声，“唉——”在寂静的夜里，这一声长叹竟是回声重重。在重重的回声中，她无奈的再次把大门关上了。
作者多用侧面烘托的手法，借助带有感情色彩的事物来抒情。另外，这首诗对于人物心理描写的方式又可称得起是别具一格。句句不直接描绘心境，可句句写的都是心境。如果要将这首诗翻译成为意识流作品，那就韵味大减。好比将一个曲曲折折的迷宫拉直，明了易懂，但趣味却荡然无存了。
张若虚有很多优秀的作品，但仅仅流传下来两首。除了这首之外，还有一首就是广为流传的《春江花月夜》。余下的诗，都在漫长的岁月中散失了。
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上一首：
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刘采春《
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啰唝曲·那年离别日》
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下一首：
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王勃《
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秋夜长》
张若虚简介
唐代·张若虚的简介
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张若虚（约660—约720），唐代诗人。扬州（今属江苏）人。曾任兖州兵曹。生卒年、字号均不详。事迹略见于《旧唐书·贺知章传》。中宗神龙（705～707）中，与贺知章、贺朝、万齐融、邢巨、包融俱以文词俊秀驰名于京都，与贺知章、张旭、包融并称“吴中四士”。玄宗开元时尚在世。张若虚的诗仅存二首于《全唐诗》中。其中《春江花月夜》是一篇脍炙人口的名作，它沿用陈隋乐府旧题，抒写真挚动人的离情别绪及富有哲理意味的人生感慨，语言清新优美，韵律宛转悠扬，洗去了宫体诗的浓脂艳粉，给人以澄澈空明、清丽自然的感觉。
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