《唐铙歌鼓吹曲十二首·其四》翻译及注释
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唐代：柳宗元
泾水黄，陇野茫。
译文：泾水混浊发黄，陇西原野茫茫。
注释：泾水黄：隋朝末年，河东汾阳人薛举与其子仁杲（găo搞）反于陇西，自称西秦霸王。公元616年（大历十三年）僭（jiàn见）帝号于兰州，公元618年（唐武德元年）举军谋取长安时，举染疾而卒，其子仁杲立，为秦王李世民所破，仁杲率部归降，被斩，陇西遂平。《泾水黄》所叙即为此事。
负太白，腾天狼。
译文：“太白”“天狼”失守，薛举加倍猖狂。
注释：太白、天狼：均为秦之疆域；又，古人以太白主杀伐，故用以喻兵戎，以天狼喻贪残。负：仗恃。
有鸟鸷立，羽翼张。
译文：恶鸟高视鸷立，羽翼肆意伸张。
钩喙决前，钜趯傍。
译文：铁嘴钢牙列前，脚掌顿地其旁。
注释：喙：鸟嘴。钜，一作“距”，指禽类脚掌后的尖端突起的部分。趯：跳跃的样子。
怒飞饥啸，翾不可当。
译文：飞腾喧啸无忌，其势似不可挡。
注释：翾：飞翔。
老雄死，子复良。
译文：不料薛举早死，其子更加猖狂。
注释：老雄死：指公元618年（武德元年）薛举率部谋取长安，临发时染病，未几而卒。良，甚也：意思是更加厉害。
巢岐饮渭，肆翱翔。
译文：秦王直驱岐渭，大鹏展翅翱翔。
注释：巢岐饮渭：指秦王李世民的军队进驻关中之地。巢：用如动词，筑巢，引申为安营扎寨。岐：岐山。渭：渭水。
顿地紘，提天纲。
译文：整顿纲纪国法，布下天罗地网。
注释：紘：成组的绳子。地紘：系地的大绳，喻维系国家的法律。纲：鱼网上的总绳，引申为事物的主要部分。天纲：天布的罗网，亦喻国家的法律。
列缺掉帜，招摇耀鋩。
译文：战旗飞动如电，刀剑耀眼放光。
注释：列缺：闪电。帜：旗帜。招摇：星名，在北斗杓端，为北斗第七星。鋩：刀剑的尖端部分。
鬼神来助，梦嘉祥。
译文：自来鬼神相助，祥梦示教战场。
脑涂原野，魄飞扬。
译文：恶鸟肝脑涂地，仁杲魂魄飞散。
星辰复，恢一方。
译文：日月星辰归位，秦王造福一方。
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李涉《
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楚宫怨二首·其一》
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李商隐《
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马嵬二首》
柳宗元简介
唐代·柳宗元的简介
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柳宗元（773年－819年），字子厚，唐代河东（今山西运城）人，杰出诗人、哲学家、儒学家乃至成就卓著的政治家，唐宋八大家之一。著名作品有《永州八记》等六百多篇文章，经后人辑为三十卷，名为《柳河东集》。因为他是河东人，人称柳河东，又因终于柳州刺史任上，又称柳柳州。柳宗元与韩愈同为中唐古文运动的领导人物，并称“韩柳”。在中国文化史上，其诗、文成就均极为杰出，可谓一时难分轩轾。