《感遇十二首》翻译及注释
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唐代：张九龄
兰叶春葳蕤，桂华秋皎洁。
欣欣此生意，自尔为佳节。
谁知林栖者，闻风坐相悦。
注释：林栖者：指隐士。
草木有本心，何求美人折。
注释：美人：喻指理想中的同道者。
幽人归独卧，滞虑洗孤清。
持此谢高鸟，因之传远情。
日夕怀空意，人谁感至精？
飞沉理自隔，何所慰吾诚？
鱼游乐深池，鸟栖欲高枝。
嗟尔蜉蝣羽，薨薨亦何为。
有生岂不化，所感奚若斯。
神理日微灭，吾心安得知。
浩叹杨朱子，徒然泣路岐。
孤鸿海上来，池潢不敢顾。
注释：池潢：积水池，护城河，代指朝廷。
侧见双翠鸟，巢在三珠树。
注释：双翠鸟：即翡翠鸟，雄为翡，雌为翠，毛色华丽多彩。三珠树：神话传说中的宝树。本作三株树。见《山海经·海外南经》：“三株树在厌火国北，生赤水上，其为树如柏，叶皆为珠。”
矫矫珍木巅，得无金丸惧？
注释：“得无”句：岂不惧怕有子弹打来？得无，表反问语气、岂不、能不。金丸，弹弓的子弹。
美服患人指，高明逼神恶？
注释：“美服”句：身着华美的服装应担心别人指责。“高明”句：官位显要会遭到鬼神的厌恶。高明，指地位官职尊贵的人。西汉扬雄《解嘲》：“高明之家，鬼瞰其室。”
今我游冥冥，弋者何所慕！
注释：冥冥：高远的天空。“弋者”句：弋者，猎鸟的人。慕，想猎取鸟的欲望。
吴越数千里，梦寐今夕见。
形骸非我亲，衾枕即乡县。
化蝶犹不识，川鱼安可羡。
海上有仙山，归期觉神变。
西日下山隐，北风乘夕流。
燕雀感昏旦，檐楹呼匹俦。
鸿鹄虽自远，哀音非所求。
贵人弃疵贱，下士尝殷忧。
众情累外物，恕己忘内修。
感叹长如此，使我心悠悠。
江南有丹橘，经冬犹绿林。
注释：岂伊地气暖，自有岁寒心。伊：语助词。岁寒心：意即耐寒的特性。可以荐嘉客，奈何阻重深。荐：进奉意。
岂伊地气暖，自有岁寒心⑿。
可以荐嘉客⒀，奈何阻重深。
注释：树：种植意。
运命唯所遇，循环不可寻。
徒言树桃李，此木岂无阴。
永日徒离忧，临风怀蹇修。
美人何处所，孤客空悠悠。
青鸟跂不至，朱鳖谁云浮。
夜分起踯躅，时逝曷淹留。
抱影吟中夜，谁闻此叹息。
美人适异方，庭树含幽色。
白云愁不见，沧海飞无翼。
注释：“汉上”二句：用《诗经·周南·汉广》：“汉有游女，不可求思。”游女，在外游玩的姑娘。思：句尾助词，无实义。
凤凰一朝来，竹花斯可食。
注释：“欲寄”句：是说想托飞鸟将信捎去。古人认为雁可传书。
汉上有游女，求思安可得。
注释：“冥冥”二句：冥冥，天空。耿耿，不安。徒空。缄，默。这是说仰望天空，不见飞鸟，只好不安地默忆那位游女而已。
袖中一札书，欲寄双飞翼。
注释：“紫兰”四句：秀，开花。蹊，小路。空蹊：犹空谷。皓露，白露。幽色，指幽谷中兰花的颜色。何极，没有穷尽。这是说紫兰逢秋，芬芳将歇，使人感叹无穷。
冥冥愁不见，耿耿徒缄忆。
紫兰秀空蹊，皓露夺幽色。
注释：“白云”句：白云，比喻小人。陆贾《新语·慎微》：“邪臣之蔽贤，犹浮云之障日月也。”南山，比喻君王。《汉书·杨恽传》：“田彼南山。”张晏注：“山高而在阳，人君之象也。”太息：叹气。
馨香岁欲晚，感叹情何极。
白云在南山，日暮长太息。
我有异乡忆，宛在云溶溶。
凭此目不觏，要之心所钟。
但欲附高鸟，安敢攀飞龙。
至精无感遇，悲惋填心胸。
归来扣寂寞，人愿天岂从？
闭门迹群化，凭林结所思。
啸叹此寒木，畴昔乃芳蕤。
朝阳凤安在，日暮蝉独悲。
浩思极中夜，深嗟欲待谁。
所怀诚已矣，既往不可追。
鼎食非吾事，云仙尝我期。
胡越方杳杳，车马何迟迟。
天壤一何异，幽嘿卧帘帷。
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寇准《
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咏华山》
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虞世南《
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蝉》
张九龄简介
唐代·张九龄的简介
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张九龄(678-740) : 唐开元尚书丞相，诗人。字子寿，一名博物，汉族，韶州曲江（今广东韶关市）人。长安年间进士。官至中书侍郎同中书门下平章事。后罢相，为荆州长史。诗风清淡。有《曲江集》。他是一位有胆识、有远见的著名政治家、文学家、诗人、名相。他忠耿尽职，秉公守则，直言敢谏，选贤任能，不徇私枉法，不趋炎附势，敢与恶势力作斗争，为“开元之治”作出了积极贡献。他的五言古诗，以素练质朴的语言，寄托深远的人生慨望，对扫除唐初所沿习的六朝绮靡诗风，贡献尤大。誉为“岭南第一人”。