《山石》翻译及注释
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唐代：韩愈
山石荦确行径微，黄昏到寺蝙蝠飞。
译文：山石峥嵘险峭，山路狭窄像羊肠，蝙蝠穿飞的黄昏，来到这座庙堂。
注释：山石：这是取诗的首句开头三字为题，乃旧诗标题的常见用法，它与诗的内容无关。荦确：指山石险峻不平的样子。行径：行下次的路径。微：狭窄。蝙蝠：哺乳动物，夜间在空中飞翔，捕食蚊、蛾等。这是写山寺黄昏的景象并点明到寺的时间。
升堂坐阶新雨足，芭蕉叶大栀子肥。
译文：登上庙堂坐台阶，刚下透雨一场，经雨芭蕉枝粗叶大，山栀更肥壮。
注释：升堂：进入寺中厅堂。阶：厅堂前的台阶。新雨：刚下过的雨。栀子：常绿灌水，夏季开白花，香气浓郁。这两句说，进入厅堂后坐在台阶上，这刚下过的一场雨水该有多么充足；那吸饱了雨水的芭蕉叶子更加硕大，而挺立枝头的栀子花苞也显得特别肥壮。
僧言古壁佛画好，以火来照所见稀。
译文：僧人告诉我说，古壁佛画真堂皇，用火把照看，迷迷糊糊看不清爽。
注释：佛画：画的佛画像。稀：依稀，模糊，看不清楚。一作“稀少”解。所见稀：即少见的好画。
铺床拂席置羹饭，疏粝亦足饱我饥。
译文：为我铺好床席，又准备米饭菜汤，饭菜虽粗糙，却够填饱我的饥肠。
注释：置：供。羹：菜汤。这里是泛指菜蔬。疏粝：糙米饭。这里是指简单的饭食。饱我饥：给我充饥。
夜深静卧百虫绝，清月出岭光入扉。
译文：夜深清静好睡觉，百虫停止吵嚷，明月爬上了山头，清辉泻入门窗。
注释：百虫绝：一切虫鸣声都没有了。清月：清朗的月光。出岭：指清月从山岭那边升上来。扉：门。光入扉：指月光穿过门户，照时室内。
天明独去无道路，出入高下穷烟霏。
译文：天明我独自离去，无法辨清路向，出入雾霭之中，我上下摸索踉跄。
注释：无道路：指因晨雾迷茫，不辨道路，随意步行的意思。出入高下：指进进出出于高高低低的山谷径路意思。霏：氛雾。穷烟霏：空尽云雾，即走遍了云遮雾绕的山径。
山红涧碧纷烂漫，时见松枥皆十围。
译文：山花鲜红涧水碧绿，光泽又艳繁，时见松栎粗大十围，郁郁又苍苍。
注释：山红涧：即山花红艳、涧水清碧。纷：繁盛。烂漫：光彩四射的样子。枥：同“栎”，落叶乔木。木围：形容树干非常粗大。两手合抱一周称一围。
当流赤足踏涧石，水声激激风吹衣。
译文：遇到涧流当道，光着脚板踏石淌，水声激激风飘飘，掀起我的衣裳。
注释：当流：对着流水。赤足踏涧石：是说对着流水就打起赤脚，踏着涧中石头淌水而过。
人生如此自可乐，岂必局束为人鞿？(鞿一作：靰)
译文：人生在世能如此，也应自得其乐，何必受到约束，宛若被套上马缰？
注释：人生如此；指上面所说的山中赏心乐事。局束：拘束，不自由的意思。靰：马的缰绳。这里作动词用，即牢笼、控制的意思。
嗟哉吾党二三子，安得至老不更归。
译文：唉呀，我那几个情投意合的伙伴，怎么能到年老，还不再返回故乡？
注释：吾党二三子：指和自己志趣相合的几个朋友。安得：怎能。不更归：不再回去了，表示对官场的厌弃。
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崔涂《
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孤雁二首·其二》
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王昌龄《
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长信怨》
韩愈简介
唐代·韩愈的简介
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韩愈（768～824）字退之，唐代文学家、哲学家、思想家，河阳（今河南省焦作孟州市）人，汉族。祖籍河北昌黎，世称韩昌黎。晚年任吏部侍郎，又称韩吏部。谥号“文”，又称韩文公。他与柳宗元同为唐代古文运动的倡导者，主张学习先秦两汉的散文语言，破骈为散，扩大文言文的表达功能。宋代苏轼称他“文起八代之衰”，明人推他为唐宋八大家之首，与柳宗元并称“韩柳”，有“文章巨公”和“百代文宗”之名，作品都收在《昌黎先生集》里。韩愈在思想上是中国“道统”观念的确立者，是尊儒反佛的里程碑式人物。